2014-04-18

論文翻譯之期刊對引用的影響

期刊對引用的影響

米德佳提供中翻英學術論文翻譯，含英文編修。
免費閱讀的期刊論文會讓科學知識的傳播更加廣泛嗎？目前在全世界研究社群中，這都是熱門的話題與炙手可熱的議題。相信大多數網路使用者，都會持同意的態度，認為免費的開放期刊對科學研究的普及功不可沒，但 Philip M. Davis 最近一項研究卻表示不同的意見，他所得到的結論是，開放式出版真正的受惠者並不是研究團體，而是使用文獻卻鮮少提供貢獻的讀者群1。
另外，南安普敦大學 Stevan Harnad 去年發表於 PLoS ONE 上的研究，比較「非自建檔」與「自建檔」的投稿期刊文章，結論是開放取閱文章得到的引用次數「顯著較多」2。
要符合「開放期刊增加影響」這樣的聲明，需要有眾多的讀者，這些讀者可能不是該領域的專家，卻希望嘗試瞭解這個主題，然後再決定是否跟自身有關聯。
引用次數可用來作為被引用文獻的影響指標，引用次數的計算更是表示：
  • 文章引用頻率
  • 作者本身獲得的引用次數
  • 該期刊文章的平均引用次數
本文所討論的是新世代、數位平台造就了哪些引用影響，研究所得出的結論，發現影響層面廣泛：
  1. 由於開放取閱期刊的讀者群廣大，目的為增加其作品被引用機會的作者，偏好開放取閱期刊。
  2. 開放取閱期刊中文章真實性不受質疑時，可增加在研究人員當中被引用的機會。
  3. 由於開放取閱期刊有足夠的可信度，以及廣大的讀者群，讓學術聲譽良好的作者，偏愛將其竭盡心力完成的文章，刊登於開放取閱期刊之中。
  4. 事實上，開放期刊可將研究工作從開發階段推廣出去，有助於擴展潛在讀者，並為作者／研究人員本身的學術生涯加分。
開放出版模式可支援線上文章的刊登，但開放取閱期刊對引用影響的貢獻程度仍不清楚，並沒有更多科學資料被下載的證據。透過數位化媒體，科學資料確實更容易散佈，但是對引用造成多深遠的影響，還需要進一步研究。
專業修改英文提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修
期刊論文中翻英翻譯服務︰論文翻譯     摘要翻譯     文章翻譯
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2014-04-16

英文自傳範例︰鑑識科與生物學 Forensic Science and Biological Science

鑑識科與生物學英文自傳範例 Forensic Science and Biological Science  Personal Statement Example

米德佳提供翻譯服務，英文自傳，英文履歷表，英文求職文件，學術論文修改及文件編修等服務。
I have always been interested in Forensic Science & Biological Science and learning how different techniques and methods are used for solving crimes. In particular how the principles of bioinformatics are used in detection and identification of microbes; how it is used in Forensic Science for detecting biocrime attacks and how to identify and examine skeletal remains of victims after long period of time. I have found learning about Genetic fingerprinting and how it is used for identifying a suspect and solving paternity cases particularly relevant because it is applicable to real situations. I am studying a BTEC National Diploma in Forensic Science. I have a naturally inquisitive mind and like to acquire new knowledge, especially in Forensic Entomology, Forensic Toxicology and Criminal Law. I also enjoy the laboratory work which consists of using laboratory techniques such as fractional distillation, gas, liquid and thin-layer chromatography. From the practical part of the course I have gained many analytical and problem solving skills and my great interest is analysing qualitative and quantitative data. During my course I have advanced on some very broad set of skills, including numeracy, teamwork, time management, making oral presentations, planning and organising my work. In my personal opinion teamwork underpins laboratory work.
I gained work experience in August 2007. I went for a holiday to Sri Lanka and I did volunteering work at the Coconut Research Institute. This is a huge scientific research institute where they experiment with the growth and cultivation of coconut palms. This provided me with the opportunity to observe and work shadow. Visiting the Institute was very informative as it gave me an insight in to how scientists work in a scientific laboratory. This made it possible for me to use some advanced laboratory equipments.
I had a part time job at the National Sea Life Centre in Birmingham. I have gained experience in assisting a Marine Biologist to test and clean the waters of the aquarium tanks. One of my duties was to look after children between 1-5 years old in the children’s play area. This experience allowed me to develop my communication and observational skills which are very vital for the role as a Forensic Scientist. I will be needed to give evidence in court individually as well as working in a team.
My main interest is reading factual books. I particularly enjoyed: Microbial Forensics by Roger G. Breeze, Forensic and Criminal Psychology by Dennis Howitt and Fundamentals of Forensic Science by Academic Press. From reading books such as Microbial Forensics I have understood and learned valuable information on how Forensic Science is used for solving bioterrorism and biocrime attacks. I also read science magazines and journals like the Biological Science Review magazine and New Scientist Magazine.
I undertook extra curriculum activity which enabled me to achieve an award for the best effort in fundraising with an organisation called Hart in Birmingham. I helped them raise money for the Tsunami victims in Sri Lanka. I’m also helping the Marine Conservation Society by adopting a green turtle. Previously in my school I achieved a first aid certificate from the Red Cross in Birmingham along with a certificate from Dr. Patricia Houlston for getting involved in a lecture about experiencing the inner city life of a GP in Birmingham. This lecture was very useful because I learnt how professionals work and communicate in a clinical working environment. I was also involved in a role – play by pretending to be GP and communicating with a patient and doing this enhanced my communication skills. I’m a forward thinking and determined person. I plan to obtain high level degree in order to continue to an MSc degree.

中翻英自傳翻譯︰英文自傳
專業修改英文學術寫作提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修

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2014-04-15

英文自傳範例︰鑑識科學 Forensic Science

鑑識科學英文自傳範例 Forensic Science  Personal Statement Example

米德佳提供翻譯服務，英文自傳，英文履歷表，英文求職文件，學術論文修改及文件編修等服務。
What initially drew me to forensic science arose from childhood intrigue into the intricacies of life science.
This interest flourished greatly because since my childhood as I have been surrounded by science books like anatomy, chemistry etc because my uncle is a doctor and my mother studied pharmacy and I have always shown an interest towards these things and this passion has grown a deeper appreciation for the many challenges of such an interdisciplinary career.
With my uncle I had the opportunity to be in the presence of a emergencies in the hospital with the arrival of injured people and I was also in the presence of an autopsy which was really attracting and because of these opportunities that I have had I have been more interested in studying forensics.
These activities to test this desire all of which have further reinforced my aspiration to study forensics.
These experiences have encouraged my personal development and facilitated a profoundly informed insight into the level of empathy, compassion, enthusiasm and stamina required to be a good forensic.
I am very interested in the body, DNA and also I like to solve problems, I feel that I would not be bothered by the work environment and also that at time the materials may be unpleasant.
I enjoy science and realise that I may often need to work in laboratory settings within a small team, also it is important not to become emotionally involved in this career.
I have affinities for music and sport which are fully intergraded into my life, requiring a continual refinement of my time management.
I played the violin for 5 years in school, art is also a passion of mine and fitness is very important to me, I swim 250m and enjoy sports including basketball, tennis, netball, badminton.
I am aware of the social sacrifices of a busy forensic career, the continual academic commitment required and the importance of being well- rounded motivated individual with excellent interpersonal abilities.
In college I have been a class rep for 2 years, in secondary I was also a monitor.
As a class rep with many responsibilities such as making myself available to members of the class, attending school council this experience has been enjoyable, fulfilling and productive as I have learned a lot through this time.
In my secondary schooling I earned a certificate of achievement in the economics of staying in school program, I participated in the 2004 summer school, completed an intensive one day seminar in study skills.
I also completed a 2 weeks work experience in a doctors surgery where I helped at reception and assisted the doctors and nurses.
I enjoyed the customers contact besides using the filling system and also booking appointments.
Working along the staff I found the work interesting and was not bothered by the work environment, I choose this as I was considering a career In medicine but in which I have found related opportunities and decided that I wanted to be a forensic.
Furthermore the challenge of using logical reasoning in an environment that demands a personal dedication attracts me immensely.
By studying forensic I will not only help others, but I will be pursuing a vocation to which I truly aspire.
After doing forensic I will be hoping to work as a scene of crime officer as I would like to be in a realistic field environment which is interesting, challenging and enjoyable as I like to be active and meeting new people.

中翻英自傳翻譯︰英文自傳
專業修改英文學術寫作提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修
期刊論文中翻英翻譯服務︰論文翻譯    中翻英

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2014-04-14

論文翻譯之學術論文發表的優點

學術論文發表的優點

米德佳提供中翻英學術論文翻譯，含英文編修。
「開放取閱期刊」是指任何經過同儕審閱以免費方式，提供讀者或機構取用、下載、複製、列印、分享、發行或檢索的電子期刊。
在期刊訂閱費用日益高漲，圖書館經費有限的情況下，開放取閱期刊「開放取用」的精神，替學術機構及研究人員帶來許多好處，可加速研究的發展：
  • 以開放取閱方式出版研究成果，研究人員與學者不但可促進研究領域的進步，也可促進個人專業生涯的發展。
  • 開放取閱期刊沒有價格與使用的限制，讓研究成果更容易被他人接受使用。開放取閱的服務兼顧作者權益，以及所有潛在讀者的利益。
  • 開放取閱期刊因網際網路的發展而嶄露頭角，帶來史無前例的公眾利益─經過同儕審閱的期刊論文，可在線上免費取用！
  • 開放取閱期刊的傳播方式，可以擴大讀者群、增加知識分享範圍，以及促進研究進行。開放獲取的典藏與期刊論文都是實用且合法的，目前在世界各地的實施情形，再再都證明開放取閱可以超越傳統訂購導向的期刊，服務整個科學及學術領域。
將學術論文發表於開放取閱期刊，對作者而言，能夠獲得更多潛在的讀者，並能增加文章的影響力，縮短冗長的印刷出版過程。透過電腦與網路，更可方便他人查詢使用，讓研究論文更具效力。經由各項檢索工具，促使研究論文的能見度大幅提高。
另一方面，對讀者而言，開放取閱期刊真是一大福音，作者付費刊登後，任何人都可以免費在線上取得研究所需的文獻！
由於現正面臨一個逐漸不再能負荷的期刊出版系統，儘管網際網路擴展了全球知識分享的機會，但許多期刊的價格成長已經超出控制，使得圖書館不得不決定刪刊、暫緩新刊訂購，以及減少圖書預算。對此危機雖然有許多潛在的解決方式，而開放取閱可謂是最有效的一種，對研究人員與學者而言，也是最容易配合與接受的方式。
專業修改英文提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修
期刊論文中翻英翻譯服務︰論文翻譯     摘要翻譯     文章翻譯
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英文自傳範例︰經濟及金融 Economics and Finance

經濟及金融英文自傳範例 Economics and Finance Personal Statement Example

米德佳提供翻譯服務，英文自傳，英文履歷表，英文求職文件，學術論文修改及文件編修等服務。
In today’s world, economics associated disciplines are of fundamental significance and application, which has encouraged me to pursue a degree in Economics. Economics has an important relevance in all of our lives. As consumers we try to make the best of our limited incomes. As workers we take our place in the job market. As citizens of a country our lives are affected by the decisions of our government: decisions over taxes, decisions over spending on health and education, decisions on interest rates, decisions that affect unemployment, inflation and growth. As dwellers on the planet Earth we are affected by the economic decisions of each other: the air we breathe, the water we drink and the environment we leave for future generations are all affected by the economic decisions taken by the human race. It is these stimulating issues that excite me about economics. I am enormously enjoying studying Mathematics at ‘A’ level and believe that my strong mathematical background will enable me to have an excellent basis in which to engage in the study of Economics, My passionate interest in economics is continually strengthened by my regular reading of ‘The Economist’
Work experience that I have recently completed at South Staffordshire Council (Accounts & Finance Department) has enforced my comprehension of the functional applications of economics. Having attended an open day at PricewaterhouseCoopers I have learnt about the assortment of careers that come about from the study of Economics, and the everyday work involved
At school I have been handed many responsibilities, including being ‘form leader’ and being assigned the role of a prefect. Skills I have built from these responsibilities include the organizations of others, along with teamwork and the ability to represent my fellow pupils. My other areas of interest have provided me with the opportunity to attend lectures on chemistry at Villiers Park, Birmingham where I was chosen to represent my school. Currently, I am involved in completing an AVCE ICT course at my school, which has enabled me to have the ability to strengthen and vastly increase my skills in Information Communication Technology
During my free time I keep myself informed of recent news by reading newspapers such as “The Times" and “The Guardian". I regularly attend the gym and take pleasure in participating in sports such as tennis and swimming. Also I enjoy singing in the school choir. At the weekends I am actively involved in the running of the family business, where I have developed my communication skills, from engaging with customers and the public, and also my business skills
I trust that throughout this brief statement I have satisfied you of my interest and commitment to the study of Economics. I believe I will make an important contribution to your university and aspire to have the opportunity to demonstrate this to you.

中翻英自傳翻譯︰英文自傳
專業修改英文學術寫作提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修

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2014-04-10

英文自傳範例︰商業金融 Business Finance (Investment)

商業金融英文自傳範例 Business Finance (Investment) Personal Statement Example

米德佳提供翻譯服務，英文自傳，英文履歷表，英文求職文件，學術論文修改及文件編修等服務。
Investments are about timing, opportunity and choices. The choices we make influence the goals we aspire to achieve. In the business world these three words have the ability to enhance profits or cause failure; they have fascinated and influenced my interest to study aspects of the business sector at higher level.
After competing in the IFS Student investor challenge which entails investing £100,000 virtual money on the stock market, it sparked an interest that to this day I have not lost in the captivating world of the stock market. The thrill of being able to study markets and how unpredictable they are is my goal for later life. Along with studies I am constantly trying to keep up to date with the various trends of different markets in order to formulate my own opinion of how they may change in the near future. My interests do not only lie in the stock market, they lie substantially in the business world itself; more specifically how problems are presented and overcome and the stages in which this is achieved. I thrive on being able to solve problems independently or within a group with minor guidance and wish to develop these skills throughout my studies in higher education. I am looking forward to tailoring my electives to further my career prospects. The course I have chosen will suit me well as I can combine my own opinions and knowledge with those given by a university lecturer to begin to achieve my main goal; becoming a successful investment banker.
I am always analysing the way businesses have priced their products or shares, what strategies they use to gain the largest profits and how a finance report can reflect on a business’s management style. This will benefit me greatly in higher education. I possess a business related mind, which has aided me in all aspects of my life often helping me with my day to day decisions.
In 2011-2012 I took part in Young Enterprise. I successfully applied for the post of Finance Director. I gained skills needed to be the sole finance director whilst assisting with the day to day running of the business. I allocated the various functional departments a budget, reviewed their spending each month and discuss financial risks with further opportunities. I thoroughly enjoyed taking part and believe it gives people my age practical application in the business world first hand over pure theory.
I am always keen to help others and relish the added bonus of improving myself. From the age of 5 I have been playing the piano, it’s a relaxing passion that lets me express my feelings through the songs I play. I am still committed and face my LCM grade 6 exam in April. Since the age of 11, I have participated in a local drama and singing club, performing in various shows in theatres. To this day I still relate my public speaking skills to my 7 years of performing to large audiences and mentors. In the beginning of 2011 I volunteered to work in a retirement home. It helped me improve my communication skills with people who are not able to communicate well themselves. In the business world this is a necessity as good communication is a crucial skill, without it messages may not be conveyed properly leading to potential disasters. For work experience I was an Usher in Milton Keynes County Court. I have joined’ Toastmasters’ a public speaking club and taking part in the Big MK Youth Debate over issues concerning people in Milton Keynes.
The finance side of the business sector is a world I would flourish in and going to university is the key to my future. Thousands of risks are taken every day, on the stock market and in companies themselves, sometimes they pay off, sometimes they don’t. If I was awarded this opportunity I can personally guarantee I am a risk worth taking.

中翻英自傳翻譯︰英文自傳
專業修改英文學術寫作提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修
期刊論文中翻英翻譯服務︰論文翻譯    中翻英

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2014-04-08

英文自傳範例︰會計及金融 Accounting & Finance

會計及金融英文自傳範例 Accounting & Finance Personal Statement Example

米德佳提供翻譯服務，英文自傳，英文履歷表，英文求職文件，學術論文修改及文件編修等服務。
Since studying Business at GCSE level and Economics at AS level, I have developed an interest in the role of finance within businesses. Alongside my studies at school, I have also taken inspiration from my involvement in my father’s part-time business. I have helped deal with some financial aspects of this business, including banking and completing annual accounts, from which I have developed several skills in working with figures and the ability to accurately handle, organise and analyse information. From this experience, I am intrigued to learn more about finance and accounting.
Currently, I am studying A levels in Psychology, Geography and English Literature. I chose not to continue Economics to A2 level as the specific aspects of my other courses were much more relevant to my personal interests. Each of these subjects has given me valuable knowledge and understanding which I can apply to many other general areas. Studying Psychology has given me an insight into behaviours and attitudes in everyday involvement with people, both relatives and friends as well as within society in general. The human aspects of my Geography course have provided me with the ability to better understand important issues on a global scale. In studying literature I have learnt to communicate ideas more clearly and confidently, both in speech and in writing.
Outside of school, I enjoy reading both fiction books, mostly classic novels, mysteries, science fiction and fantasy, and non-fiction texts, generally including information about natural history and the economy. I read everyday as this is something that I find beneficial to improve my general knowledge and provides me with an opportunity to spend some time on my own. In addition to this, I have an enthusiasm for computing. I am familiar with using spreadsheets, word processors and creative software and I am also learning aspects of web design. In recent years I have learnt skills from my brother, who is a computer programmer, and I am always eager to teach myself new things.
As an individual, I have always aspired to higher education at university as I have a positive and committed attitude to learning new things. The idea of moving on from school life and taking on the challenge of a degree course provides me with motivation and determination to succeed. From studying at university, I intend to develop my personal characteristics and skills and learn to apply the knowledge I gain to pursue a career in an accounting or financial profession.
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