2014-03-25

論文翻譯之數位出版

數位出版

米德佳提供中翻英學術論文翻譯，含英文編修。
「數位出版」開創出一個立即讓人獲得滿足，並能廣泛散播知識的新時代，省去傳統印刷出版所需經歷的漫漫長路。數位領域的設備、技術日新月異，在追求快速、便利的同時，自然也衍生出新的疑慮。
數位出版對於個人提供許多不同程度的好處，包括學生、研究人員、圖書館員及出版社等，我們將主要的好處詳列如下：
1. 低成本：與傳統出版社相比，線上出版社相對成本較低。實體出版社必須付出更多經常性的費用開支，使得利潤空間被壓縮。
2. 散佈快速：利用網路讓資訊分享更快速。傳統印刷出版過程繁複，因而相當費時，數位出版則能讓資訊更有效率接觸到更多目標讀者。
3. 表達方式多元化：數位資訊的表現方式不再侷限於文字、照片及圖表，而可利用極具互動性的聲音／視覺影像、影片、資料輸入／輸出等。這不只讓資料分享的過程更加有趣，也讓讀者參與感十足。
4. 具體性：在期刊或雜誌中找尋特定資訊，並不是容易的事，通常相當費時，且投入的時間與得到的資訊不成正比。採用線上搜尋有許多好處，因為各種內容管理系統 (CMS) 及文件管理系統 (DMS)，有助於簡單並快速取回資訊。利用關鍵字搜尋，有助於爬文者判別特定內容，自動與相關的線上資料媒合。這都要感謝線上圖書館與搜尋引擎所帶來的貢獻！
5. 快速獲取：只要有網路在手，任何時間、任何場所，都可獲取想要的資訊！（現在不只限於電腦，連手機搭配某些 app，都是最夯的方式！）除此之外，一些高評價的線上出版社，本身即擁有完善的檔案資料庫，可提供優良的支援。
數位出版提供學術社群明顯的益處，但可惜的是，如此簡單、快速就能得到的東西，常常也會伴隨一些缺點：
1. 品質與原創性：大量資訊日漸成長，無法徹底管理文件的原創性與品質。
2. 著作權：文件的著作權原屬於作者，通常應轉移至線上出版社進行發表，但很難掌控是否所有文件都保有其應享的著作權。除此之外，透過多種其他文章重製共享資訊，大部分沒有清楚標示引用來源，導致抄襲。
3. 抄襲：網路上的文章常可見複製、重製內容而未提及原作者的情形，由於線上出版被他人「借用」的可能性很高，目前急需改正這些問題，讓線上出版更具真實性與可信度。
由於線上出版平台帶給人們前所未有、豐富的出版機會，使得這些平台大受歡迎，歷久不衰，但是線上平台不斷累積資訊的同時，也需要針對上述缺點，改善模糊的灰色地帶，才能讓線上平台的數位出版品同樣具有公信力，而不會流於有心人士用來達成一己之私的工具。
專業修改英文提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修
期刊論文中翻英翻譯服務︰論文翻譯     摘要翻譯     文章翻譯
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2014-03-24

英文自傳範例︰環境科學 Environmental Science

環境科學英文自傳範例 Environmental Science Personal Statement Example

米德佳提供翻譯服務，英文自傳，英文履歷表，英文求職文件，學術論文修改及文件編修等服務。
I turned to her and asked “Why do you love your job so much?" Her reply was simple, yet powerful, “I am able to help something which is defenceless". This exchange of words took place while flying to Colorado, speaking to a woman whose job it was to work alongside oil companies to research their environmental impact on the physical landscape around them. As the conversation continued over the duration of the flight, I became inspired by the projects she had worked upon and started to realise that a subject I had enjoyed taking at school could progress into further education, and on to higher education. My love for the environment has stemmed from my appreciation for the natural power that it holds, and how something we have taken for granted, such as water, can cause a catastrophe like the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. This, coupled with an inspiring Geography teacher in secondary school has led me to explore these topics further through education and personal interest. The media often only expresses the social and medical impacts that natural disasters have on our society, such as the recent earthquakes in Haiti and the outbreak of Cholera. They focus less on the physical impacts these events can have to our environment, for instance Mount Pinatubo’s eruption in 1991 having an effect on the global climate. I am particularly captivated by volcanoes and the processes of an eruption. My interest in this area increased after studying the 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption and looking at the events surrounding and during the eruption, such as the pyroclastic flow. Understanding why these events happen has intrigued me. My enthusiasm for skiing has allowed me to travel to different environments, such as the Rocky Mountains and Glaciers in Europe, and see the earth’s formation in a visual perspective which can only be described as awe-inspiring. I have also travelled to Belize, and experienced the incredible ‘Great Blue Hole’ located near the Lighthouse Reef. My experiences with different environments has given me an unconditional respect for the power of our earth. I am currently attending an Access to Higher Education; Social Sciences course, on which I study Environmental Studies, Biology, Sociology and Psychology. This course has not only provided me with the educational requirements I need to progress into higher education, but has allowed me to develop my personal skills in organisation, independent study, essay and report writing, ICT skills and the ability to embrace new concepts. Alongside my studies, I have committed my time to reading various environmental research journals and articles, and watch documentaries, including Planet Earth and Blue Planet. Making myself aware of environmental issues and the development of the earth has assisted me in understanding in more depth the subjects that I study. The opportunity to study at University will allow me to understand the environment in a more advanced manner and develop my understanding in a topic that I am fascinated by. This will empower me to focus my academic studies into an area which I love in more depth and which will give me the technical skills and knowledge I require to progress further in this subject than I would without University education. As the environment and the impacts we have on it is becoming an increasing worry for our society, studying in this subject area at university will put me into a position to be able to help understand, research and combat these issues. Being able to study the earth’s environment will not only fulfil a desire I have to further understand the natural processes, but allow me to be a part of a movement that will inspire a younger generation, like I was inspired, to be educated on the environment and proceed to carry on the work of the many scientists, researchers and other personnel to understand our planet and create a more sustainable and resourceful way of living.

中翻英自傳翻譯︰英文自傳
專業修改英文學術寫作提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修

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2014-03-23

英文自傳範例︰英文電影學 English and Film

英文電影學英文自傳範例 English and Film Personal Statement Example

米德佳提供翻譯服務，英文自傳，英文履歷表，英文求職文件，學術論文修改及文件編修等服務。
From reading my first Roald Dahl book, peppered with magic and mischief, to writing my first short story, I have always known that my drive and passion for English was destined to be more than a hobby. I love reading, and have completed dozens of short stories and, more recently, short film scripts. In my studies so far, I have developed my analytical skills in literature, and have become fascinated with the ideas and concepts behind poetry, drama and both historical and modern literature, such as ‘Regeneration’ by Pat Barker, which enlightened me, in a darkly emotive way, to the psychological battles suffered in WW1.
When it comes to film, I enjoy European cinema and was enthralled by the romanticism in Julio Medem’s ‘Lovers of the Arctic Circle’. I found it abundantly more gut-wrenching than typical Hollywood tales of star-crossed lovers, and I am excited to discover more realms of cinema during my university course. I have often looked forward to discussing film with friends, and cannot wait to have similar discussions with like-minded people on a university level. With a father living in London, I have been lucky enough to have the opportunity to visit art-house cinemas and have built up a love of cinema, both classic and radical. I have also had the chance to take part in an ADR session, and acted in a voice over for a young Canadian girl in the ITV drama ‘Child of Mine’; I loved being in a studio and getting involved with the production of an episode.
With regards to literature, Sylvia Plath, one of my favourite poets, conveyed her emotions so vividly that I feel truly grateful to have writers among us who provide such intricate material for analysis. I also believe that film is a highly sensuous form of creativity and means of storytelling and I love how these two practices are both open to debate and consideration. It is my fascination with both of these creative outlets that has driven me to my decision to study English and Film at university.
Outside school, I have started a blog in which I comment on film and contemporary culture. This has been a really fun way to explore a different method of critical writing and has opened my eyes to the possibilities of journalism as my career. I upload my own short stories to a separate blog, which I have left open to comments from arbitrary readers, in the hope of gaining unbiased criticism and consequently improving my work to a higher standard. I am confident I will keep this up at university and hope that my lectures will give me a more insightful perspective when pursuing this creative passage.
In Year 11, I was chosen to be part of a small group of Prefects who helped man the corridors and acted as an understudy for the teachers. This really showed me how to act as a responsible member of society; I enjoyed being the student the younger pupils could turn to and ask for help. With regards to English, the role of a Prefect also meant that in the library, students could ask for reading help or an opinion on which books would be appropriate for the topic they were studying. This heightened my appreciation of literature, as I was reminded how illuminating it can be, even to a child much younger than me. I really enjoyed being a part of their experience in school and am grateful to have been offered that opportunity.
One of the main reasons I believe I will be able to adapt to higher education is because, for various reasons, I have lived away from home for the past year. This, predominantly, has taught me to be an independent learner and not rely on the nudge of a parent to finish coursework and generally take responsibility for myself.
I believe I can bring to the course not only potential, but an open mind and a fierce aspiration to learn. I hope I have illustrated my passion for these subjects sufficiently and shown how keen I am to absorb every part of this degree I can, and leave university as an elevated writer and appreciator of English and Film.

中翻英自傳翻譯︰英文自傳
專業修改英文學術寫作提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修

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2014-03-22

英文自傳範例︰英文創意寫作 English Creative Writing

英文創意寫作英文自傳範例 English Creative Writing Personal Statement Example

米德佳提供翻譯服務，英文自傳，英文履歷表，英文求職文件，學術論文修改及文件編修等服務。
From Austen to Wilde, I am particularly interested in 19th century literature. This literary period fascinates me with its peculiar combination of beauty and cruelty. I realised the true power of this composite after rereading The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde for the first time in three years in 2011. I was surprised at how vastly my reading of it had altered: while I was initially intimidated by its darkness and psychology, I was now enthralled by the sensuous, almost physical imagery, the masterful structure and the poignant characterisation. An author’s ability to produce charm from morbidity has since been an area of great interest to me.
My love of this era is also one of a socio-political nature – primarily, I am interested in the role and representation of women. I am currently producing an EPQ entitled ‘How does the representation of women by the Bronte sisters differ from that of male writers in Victorian Britain?’, in which I am comparing and contrasting their works with Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, the anonymous The String of Pearls and The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. I am finding this to be excellent practice in close and topical reading.
I also hold many modern works of literature in very high regard. My favourite is undoubtedly Michael Ondaatje’s The English Patient. Ondaatje’s unpredictable prose reminds me of that of a witty, eloquent and enthusiastic conversationalist, with the rare ability to make the ordinary seem extraordinary. This was a novel that taught me that the unconventional can be just as awe-inspiring as the traditional.
I attended a college book club in my AS year, which allowed me to explore areas of literature that I would not have chosen to read for myself, such as Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things, giving me a broader insight into Postcolonial literature. At the end of the year, we read Conan Doyle’s A Study in Scarlet – a favourite of mine due to its brilliant narrative – and Christie’s Death on the Nile, and were then given the task of producing our own short detective stories. This developed my insight into how a genre can be open to a rich diversity of styles and characters, and taught me that contrary to what Wilde’s Lady Narborough might suggest, to define is not always to limit. This was also excellent practice in the art of making a piece fresh and interesting while drawing on ancient literary themes. As this group required preparation and active and opinionated discussion, I feel it will help me to adjust to seminars.
I spend much of my free time reading and writing – scripts, prose and poetry – but I also have interests outside the subject, such as horse-riding. I have been riding since 2007 and owned a horse from 2009 – 2011, which taught me the valuable skills of dedication, time management and the ability to work in conditions which are not ideal: a lesson that has helped me to avoid the infamous problem of writers’ block! I also enjoy the theatre, both as a spectator and a performer – in 2009, I played Macbeth in a project run by the Royal Shakespeare Company – an experience which opened my eyes to the power of words, and solidified my appreciation for language. I am also fond of travelling, and especially love visiting places of historical and literary interest. I have all but become a regular at the Sherlock Holmes Museum, and during a recent trip to Florence, I paid a visit to Santa Croce to explore the area described so beautifully by the brilliant E.M. Forster in A Room with a View.
My aspiration is to become a writer, though I do not yet know in what discipline. I hope that the study of English at university will help me to make that decision, and to develop my ability to read deeply and intellectually and to write in an original and, I hope, impressive manner. In return, I will bring boundless enthusiasm to the course.
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2014-03-21

英文自傳範例︰英文語言 English Language

英文語言英文自傳範例 English Language Personal Statement Example

米德佳提供翻譯服務，英文自傳，英文履歷表，英文求職文件，學術論文修改及文件編修等服務。
English Language. To most, a simple form of interaction. To the world, the mother tongue of communication and business. For me, a passion and hopefully my future. Excited to be a part of the modern day lingua franca, I am intrigued by the importance and the complexity language holds. For language can arouse many emotions; hearing a child speak their first words can be beautiful, witnessing a politicians speech can be comforting and reading a headline can often be disturbing. I would relish the opportunity to extend my knowledge and understanding of the English Language. My ultimate ambition after accomplishing a degree is to teach at key stage 5. I believe I have the competencies required to inform and inspire others on the subject I hold so closely to my heart.
Complementing English Language, I perused Psychology and Media Studies at A-level. Comparing psychological theories was a great eye opener. Admittedly, I do not possess strong judgments with regards to evolution, nevertheless, I found studying the human mind and behaviour remarkable. I particularly enjoyed exploring the work of Noam Chomsky and Jean Piaget, these Psychologists have fuelled my appetite for teaching and child development.
Whilst studying the media syllabus, I became critically conscious of the persuasion to which we are all subjected too and found the power of the press phenomenal. I was fortunate enough to interview some familiar faces and I was able to apply my industry experience to my work. During this time I gathered valuable analytical and representation skills which supplemented my English Language coursework. In addition, I acquired journalistic practice by writing reviews for a student magazine. My proudest academic achievement came at key stage 4, where I attained a diploma for attending a ‘Gifted and Talented Workshop’. Responsible for my own group I designated roles for each, guiding them to victory and winning the holiday we had created.
So far in the world of work, I have had several positions in several different sectors. Some unchallenging and most unrewarding. Searching for the perfect post has been disheartening, making me more determined to spend my life in the right career. Lightening the mood, I have accumulated precious skills and discovered strengths in communication and team-work. Working solely on commission as a party organiser, my enthusiasm for the role enabled me to build a creditable client base and gain recognition through the company. My demonstrations incorporated both oral and visual promotion. Thus, public speaking, once an alien trait, is now my second nature; whether it be voicing my opinion or demonstrating a product. This attribute can only aid my capability of becoming a successful teacher of the English Language.
Pursuing a teenage trend of fame, fortune and footballers, I began glamour modelling simply on a whim. Far from cocksure, I was able to build my self-confidence and explore an industry masked in glamour. Being crowned ‘Miss South Yorkshire 2008’ opened many doors and I subsequently graced the covers of celebrated magazines including ‘Nuts’ and ‘Exposed’. I soon established that underneath the glamour is a trivial world of demands and deadlines. A world, which enabled me to mature and question what it is exactly that I wish to achieve from life. Modelling, alongside media studies, spurred my ever increasing passion for photography, a hobby I find therapeutic at times. Nevertheless, I prefer reading and writing a thousand words than trying to capture them in a pixel. Being family oriented is primarily the reason I wish to remain in Sheffield to obtain a degree. Many of my friends have graduated via Hallam University and have recommended you with gratitude.
“We can’t plan life. All we can do is be available for it.” I agree entirely with Lauryn Hill, so much so, I have this quotation tattooed down my spine. For I am available and eager to begin my next adventure through life at your university.

中翻英自傳翻譯︰英文自傳
專業修改英文學術寫作提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修

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論文翻譯之引用文獻資料庫 Citation Index

引用文獻資料庫

米德佳提供中翻英學術論文翻譯，含英文編修。
引用文獻資料庫，顧名思義，就是收集各種引用文章資訊的電子資料庫，有助於存取許多來源不同，卻具有相關性、高影響力的資訊。常見的有 ISI 所出版的 ISI citation index，目前透過網路可由 Web of Knowledge 進入，還有 Elsevier 所出版的 Scopus，僅供網路上使用。
這兩種引用資料庫需要訂閱才能進入使用，通常由學校、研究單位及機關團體付費訂閱，讓學生、教職員、研究人員等隨時方便查詢，並與圖書館系統結合，進而能夠觀看全文、預借書籍，甚至進行館際合作）。現在 Google 學術搜尋也具備類似的功能，可免費上網查詢，亦頗受使用者喜愛。
雖然這些引用資料庫聽起來非常方便進行文獻回顧，不過，因為同時接觸到大量資訊，很可能由於個人因素，使得關鍵字設定不理想，導致錯誤的方向。因此，建議在使用這些資料庫時，多用不同的關鍵字進行搜尋，再來比較搜尋結果。
引用文獻資料庫的一般優點
引用資料庫可根據研究人員的需求，設定某個研究主題，透過電腦網路搜尋，得到一份有組織的資訊列表。引用文獻資料庫的內容，包含作者引用、匿名引用或專利引用，我們欲尋找同一主題各種資源時，這種列表即成為相當可靠的依據。
引用文獻資料庫對於研究單位／出版社的優點
隸屬於某學術團體或單位的研究人員、管理者，善用引用文獻資料庫，可充分節省時間與精力。甚至對於期刊、書籍、文件出版社而言，引用文獻資料庫也很受歡迎，透過這樣的系統，可讓出版品曝光率大增。
引用文獻資料庫對於研究人員的優點
方便讓作者／研究人員知道自己發表的文章被引用多少次、引用在那篇文章內容中，以及誰提到過自己的研究。也可幫助作者／研究人員根據影響係數，瞭解投稿期刊的影響力與權威性。，除此之外，還能隨時追蹤與主題相關的最新消息，這一切都要感謝引用文獻資料庫！
由於我們越來越依賴「虛擬世界」所能帶來的好處，自然非常重視整個數位科學網絡所扮演的角色。引用文獻資料庫無論對學術團體、研究人員或管理者而言，都有不可或缺的好處，而且只要在彈指之間就能輕鬆搞定！
專業修改英文提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修
期刊論文中翻英翻譯服務︰論文翻譯     摘要翻譯     文章翻譯
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2014-03-20

英文自傳範例︰英文文學教務 English with Education

英文文學教務英文自傳範例 English with Education Personal Statement Example

米德佳提供翻譯服務，英文自傳，英文履歷表，英文求職文件，學術論文修改及文件編修等服務。
The best decision I ever made was to leave sixth form for a place in college to complete my A Levels. Here I had the opportunity to study English Language and Literature – the subject area for which I have the most desire and aspiration and wish to take to degree level. College allowed me to grow.
Literature has always been a major focus in my life. As a child my dreams were inspired by the books I read and in turn my dreams inspired the stories I wrote. To this day I remain an ardent reader, enjoying contemporary fiction such as Vikas Swarup’s “Slumdog Millionaire" and Philip Pullman’s series “His Dark Materials" as well as classics including Harper Lee’s famous novel “To Kill a Mockingbird". Having read the book and subsequently visited the local theatre to see their production, I found the story and morals contained within it to be so inspiring they will stay with me all my life. I also particularly appreciate how poets express ideas rather than emotion through their work, especially Sylvia Plath, whom I have recently discovered through my A Level coursework study. I find Plath’s use of imagery to illustrate the dark themes she explores captivating. I intend to compare a number of poems by Plath with a selected few Hamlet extracts, concentrating on language techniques and the similar themes they share.
A Level Media Studies has helped further improve both my analytical skills and essay writing technique whilst appreciating how dialect and language styles can change the attitude and feelings of an audience or reader. Through the medium of Welsh I have studied a range of poetry, with themes as varied as Wales, responsibility and love. I particularly admired Ioan Kidd’s “Saith Pechod Marwol" short story sequence of modern day parables which related to each of the “seven deadly sins".
During secondary school I became involved in writing and presenting reports in morning assembly sessions. ‘Buddy reading’ with year 7 students on a one-to-one basis encouraged each pupil to improve their reading skills. Together we were able to improve their reading skills and better understand and interpret plot. Pupils commented they felt the stories come alive as a result of reading together. This practice boosted my confidence working with younger students and confirmed my inner belief that I would make a good primary school teacher. Having completed a number of weeks’ experience in a primary school during my GCSE years, I found both working as part of a team and individually with children most gratifying. The reward was simple: enabling young people to enjoy books as I had throughout my childhood.
My most fulfilling achievement in secondary school was establishing and running a lunchtime club for selected year 7-9 pupils. This was a major challenge involving a small group of peers planning and scheduling the sessions; addressing health and safety issues; writing and learning about confidentiality and anti-bullying policies; agreeing rules with the members; seeking funding; and supervising the pupils. The club is still in existence. Through the scheme, I developed life skills including problem solving and planning, dealing with people and the ability to work with others.
Working in a university library recently has given me the opportunity to further develop my transferable skills. I am able to work under pressure during busy periods, and take pride in being a part of the library team. The role is varied with responsibilities including shelving, processing new books, working on the help desk and assisting students. University will offer me the opportunity to broaden my cultural and literary horizons. I am more than ready to rise to the challenge.

中翻英自傳翻譯︰英文自傳
專業修改英文學術寫作提高您學術英文論文被發表的機會︰英文編修

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