2013-08-01

英文文法-副詞的功用與位置

副詞的功用與位置


1. 功用:副詞用以修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞本身或整個獨立子句。
例:
1. Mr. Chan speaks English extremely fluently. (fluently“流利地”修飾speaks,而extremely“非常地”修飾fluently)
2. Fortunately he passed the entrance examination. (修飾整個子句)
3. The problem is virtually difficult. (virtually“真正地”修飾difficult)

2. 位置:副詞常用於下列位置:
(a) adv+ adj或adv:副詞修飾形容詞或副詞本身則擺在前面,但enough例外,其位置應為adj或adv+ enough。
例:1. The child is totally independent. (totally“完全地”修飾independent)
2. He writes very carelessly. (修飾carelessly)
3. He didn’t run fast enough to catch the train. (enough修飾fast)

(b) V+地方副詞+時間副詞
例:
1. He was born in Taiwan in 1980.
若副詞中有大單位與小單位,則順序應為“小單位+大單位”。
例:
1. I happened to see him at a bookstore in Taipei at 8:30 last night.
2. He was born in Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.

(c) 時間副詞(always, often, usually, never, ever, suddenly, sometimes, still, frequently, seldom, hardly, scarcely“幾乎不”)在動詞片語中的位置為(1)S+ be+時間副詞,(2)S+時間副詞+V,(3)S+助動詞+時間副詞+動詞。
例:
1. Ann is often at the library in the evening.
2. My father usually gets up before 5:30.
3. We will never forget your kindness.

(d) 助動詞+副詞+動詞:擺在助動詞與動詞之間一定要用副詞,以修飾動詞。
例:
1. I would totally agree with you.
2. We can easily understand what he means.
3. They have completely solved their problem.

(e) V+ O+ adv:若動詞表達“認為”或“使‥”則用adj當受詞補語,其它意思則用adv以修飾動詞。
例:
1. Jack opened the door slowly.
2. They finished their assignments quickly.
3. We consider him honest. (honest為adj,當受詞補語)
4. Studying keeps (使) me busy. (當受詞補語)
英文文法


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